Basically, a program can invoke a software interrupt by using the int
instruction followed by a 1-byte parameter ($CD imm8) which determines
the interrupt to be called. The processor multiplies this value with 4
and looks up the double word located in the interrupt vector table at
the offset defined by the result of the multiplication.
The processor saves the current CS:IP register pair as well as the
flags, jumps to the address defined by the double word (it consists of
segment and offset) and continues execution until it encounters an iret,
in which case it restores the previously saved information from the
stack and returns control to the calling program.
The interrupt handler may return results in a predefined memory area or
directy in registers or the flags.
Into ($CE) and Int3 ($CC) are two special forms of software interrupts.

It is a great pity that the term "interrupt" is used for both; the
former should be termed "system calls" or suchlike.  The esteemed LSI-11
(IIRC) had two related instructions; one for system calls or other
software-initiated purposes, and one specifically to simulate a hardware
interrupt (or something like that; I've long forgotten details).

It is not clear to me which Joshua is asking about.

The concept of hardware interrupts is language-independent; it can be
treated perfectly well in Pascal terms, and the implementation has
features to support them.

http://www.merlyn.demon.co.uk/programs/int70at2.pas   shows hardware
interrupts in use, though without explanation.

Take a look at the page

http://www.delorie.com/djgpp/doc/rbinter/ix/index.html

here you have a good list over interrupts used in PC.

Also there are a book with the title: PC-assambler
language, by Peter Norton.
If you have problem finding that book sent me a mail.

Good luck

hs...@qatar.net.qa

Assembly Language for the PC.
ISBN : 1-56686-016-4
By : John Socha and Peter Norton